2013
11-26

# Nightmare

Ignatius had a nightmare last night. He found himself in a labyrinth with a time bomb on him. The labyrinth has an exit, Ignatius should get out of the labyrinth before the bomb explodes. The initial exploding time of the bomb is set to 6 minutes. To prevent the bomb from exploding by shake, Ignatius had to move slowly, that is to move from one area to the nearest area(that is, if Ignatius stands on (x,y) now, he could only on (x+1,y), (x-1,y), (x,y+1), or (x,y-1) in the next minute) takes him 1 minute. Some area in the labyrinth contains a Bomb-Reset-Equipment. They could reset the exploding time to 6 minutes.

Given the layout of the labyrinth and Ignatius’ start position, please tell Ignatius whether he could get out of the labyrinth, if he could, output the minimum time that he has to use to find the exit of the labyrinth, else output -1.

Here are some rules:
1. We can assume the labyrinth is a 2 array.
2. Each minute, Ignatius could only get to one of the nearest area, and he should not walk out of the border, of course he could not walk on a wall, too.
3. If Ignatius get to the exit when the exploding time turns to 0, he can’t get out of the labyrinth.
4. If Ignatius get to the area which contains Bomb-Rest-Equipment when the exploding time turns to 0, he can’t use the equipment to reset the bomb.
5. A Bomb-Reset-Equipment can be used as many times as you wish, if it is needed, Ignatius can get to any areas in the labyrinth as many times as you wish.
6. The time to reset the exploding time can be ignore, in other words, if Ignatius get to an area which contain Bomb-Rest-Equipment, and the exploding time is larger than 0, the exploding time would be reset to 6.

The input contains several test cases. The first line of the input is a single integer T which is the number of test cases. T test cases follow.
Each test case starts with two integers N and M(1<=N,Mm=8) which indicate the size of the labyrinth. Then N lines follow, each line contains M integers. The array indicates the layout of the labyrinth.
There are five integers which indicate the different type of area in the labyrinth:
0: The area is a wall, Ignatius should not walk on it.
1: The area contains nothing, Ignatius can walk on it.
2: Ignatius’ start position, Ignatius starts his escape from this position.
3: The exit of the labyrinth, Ignatius’ target position.
4: The area contains a Bomb-Reset-Equipment, Ignatius can delay the exploding time by walking to these areas.

For each test case, if Ignatius can get out of the labyrinth, you should output the minimum time he needs, else you should just output -1.

3
3 3
2 1 1
1 1 0
1 1 3
4 8
2 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
1 0 4 1 1 0 4 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1 1 1 4 1 1 1 3
5 8
1 2 1 1 1 1 1 4
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
1 4 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 3 0 1
1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 

4
-1
13

#include"stdio.h"
#include"string.h"
#include"queue"
using namespace std;
struct node
{
int x,y,step,count;
}p,q;
int d[4][2]={1,0,0,1,-1,0,0,-1};
int map[10][10],sx,sy,n,m;
int judge(int x,int y)
{
if(x>=1&&x<=n&&y>=1&&y<=m&&map[x][y]!=0)
return 1;
return 0;
}
void bfs()
{
queue<node>Q;
int i;
p.x=sx;
p.y=sy;
p.step=0;
p.count=6;
Q.push(p);
map[sx][sy]=0;
while(!Q.empty())
{
p=Q.front();
Q.pop();
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
q=p;
q.x+=d[i][0];
q.y+=d[i][1];
if(judge(q.x,q.y))
{
if(map[q.x][q.y]==1)
{
q.count--;
if(q.count>=1)
{
q.step++;
Q.push(q);
}
}
if(map[q.x][q.y]==4)
{
q.count--;
if(q.count>=1)
{
q.step++;
q.count=6;
Q.push(q);
}
map[q.x][q.y]=0;
}
if(map[q.x][q.y]==3&&q.count>1)
{
q.step++;
printf("%d\n",q.step);
return ;
}
}
}
}
printf("-1\n");
}
int main()
{
int T,i,j;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--)
{
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=m;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&map[i][j]);
if(map[i][j]==2)
{
sx=i;sy=j;
}
}
}
bfs();
}
return 0;
}

1. 学算法中的数据结构学到一定程度会乐此不疲的，比如其中的2－3树，类似的红黑树，我甚至可以自己写个逻辑文件系统结构来。

2. 我还有个问题想请教一下，就是感觉对于新手来说，递归理解起来有些困难，不知有没有什么好的方法或者什么好的建议？

3. 算法是程序的灵魂，算法分简单和复杂，如果不搞大数据类，程序员了解一下简单点的算法也是可以的，但是会算法的一定要会编程才行，程序员不一定要会算法，利于自己项目需要的可以简单了解。

4. 第一句可以忽略不计了吧。从第二句开始分析，说明这个花色下的所有牌都会在其它里面出现，那么还剩下♠️和♦️。第三句，可以排除2和7，因为在两种花色里有。现在是第四句，因为♠️还剩下多个，只有是♦️B才能知道答案。

5. #include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,p,t[100]={1};
for(int i=1;i<100;i++)
t =i;
while(scanf("%d",&n)&&n!=0){
if(n==1)
printf("Printing order for 1 pages:nSheet 1, front: Blank, 1n");
else {
if(n%4) p=n/4+1;
else p=n/4;
int q=4*p;
printf("Printing order for %d pages:n",n);
for(int i=0;i<p;i++){
printf("Sheet %d, front: ",i+1);
if(q>n) {printf("Blank, %dn",t[2*i+1]);}
else {printf("%d, %dn",q,t[2*i+1]);}
q–;//打印表前
printf("Sheet %d, back : ",i+1);
if(q>n) {printf("%d, Blankn",t[2*i+2]);}
else {printf("%d, %dn",t[2*i+2],q);}
q–;//打印表后
}
}
}
return 0;
}

6. 第二块代码if(it != mp.end())应改为if(it != mp.end() && (i+1)!=(it->second +1))；因为第二种解法如果数组有重复元素 就不正确

7. 漂亮。佩服。
P.S. unsigned 应该去掉。换行符是n 不是/n
还可以稍微优化一下，
int main() {
int m,n,ai,aj,bi,bj,ak,bk;
while (scanf("%d%d",&m,&n)!=EOF) {
ai = sqrt(m-1);
bi = sqrt(n-1);
aj = (m-ai*ai-1)>>1;
bj = (n-bi*bi-1)>>1;
ak = ((ai+1)*(ai+1)-m)>>1;
bk = ((bi+1)*(bi+1)-n)>>1;
printf("%dn",abs(ai-bi)+abs(aj-bj)+abs(ak-bk));
}
}